An educational crypto, finance, and AI vocabulary puzzle about blockchain blocks, accounting concepts, neural network training, and data storage systems.
Block Structure
These terms connect a block to its contents, its place in the chain, and its predecessor.
Block HeaderParent HashMerkle RootBlock Height
- Block Header: A block header contains metadata used to identify and validate a block.
- Parent Hash: A parent hash identifies the preceding block and links a block to its chain history.
- Merkle Root: A Merkle root is the top hash of a Merkle tree and commits to the records represented by its leaves.
- Block Height: Block height indicates a block's position by counting blocks from the genesis block.
Accounting Basics
These terms distinguish resources, obligations, income, and costs.
AssetLiabilityRevenueExpense
- Asset: An asset is an economic resource controlled by an entity as a result of past events.
- Liability: A liability is a present obligation to transfer an economic resource as a result of past events.
- Revenue: Revenue is income arising from an entity's ordinary activities, such as selling goods or services.
- Expense: An expense is a decrease in economic benefits that reduces equity, excluding distributions to owners.
Neural Network Training
These terms describe the objective, gradient calculation, update rule, and update size used in training.
Loss FunctionBackpropagationOptimizerLearning Rate
- Loss Function: A loss function assigns a numerical penalty to model outputs relative to a training objective.
- Backpropagation: Backpropagation applies the chain rule to calculate gradients of a loss with respect to neural network parameters.
- Optimizer: An optimizer adjusts model parameters using gradients or other information to reduce the training objective.
- Learning Rate: The learning rate controls the step size used by an optimizer when updating model parameters.
Data Storage
These terms distinguish tables, documents, key-based lookup, and files stored as objects.
Relational DatabaseDocument StoreKey-Value StoreObject Storage
- Relational Database: A relational database organizes data into tables and supports operations based on relationships between records.
- Document Store: A document store saves and retrieves records as documents, often with flexible fields.
- Key-Value Store: A key-value store associates each key with a value and retrieves that value through its key.
- Object Storage: Object storage manages data as objects, each with its contents, metadata, and a unique identifier.